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Home / Health / Addictions / Substance Abuse / Tobacco / Industry / Product
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Web Sites
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- "No Additives" Cigarettes: Not Safer than Tobacco - FTC action highlights claims made by makers of "natural" or "no additives" cigarettes.
www.quackwatch.com/02ConsumerProtection/FTCActions/herbalcigarettes.html
- 'Impact Booster': Tobacco Firm Shows How Ammonia Spurs Delivery of Nicotine - 1996 Pulitzer prize-winning reporting on how the tobacco industry uses ammonia to engineer cigarettes for addiction.
www.pulitzer.org/year/1996/national-reporting/works/impact.html
- 1997 Cigarette Nicotine Disclosure Report - Massachusetts Department of Public Health developed a testing method which better simulates smoking; nicotine deliveries are reported from these tests; there are no significant differences in the total nicotine content of regular, "light" or "ultra-light" cigarettes.
www.cancer.org/tobacco/nicotine_report/toc.html
- A Safer Cigarette? Prove It, Say Critics - JAMA article provides scientific evaluation of claims R.J. Reynold is making about its new tobacco product.
jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v283n19/ffull/jmn0517-1.html
- ABC DayOne: Smoke Screen - Now-famous segment on nicotine manipulation in cigarettes.
www.mcspotlight.org/beyond/abctranscript.html
- ABC's Memorandum In Support of Summary Judgement - ABC's court response contains much information on cigarette design and nicotine manipulation.
new.globalink.org/tobacco/docs/na-docs/abc.txt
- Additives Found in American Cigarettes - Ingredients added to tobacco in the manufacturing of cigarettes by the five major American cigarette manufacturing companies.
www.drugs.indiana.edu/druginfo/additives.html
- Ammonia Added to Cigarettes Can Significantly Boost Availability of Nicotine - Independent research confirms that ammonia added to ciarettes can boost the availability of nicotine up to 100 times.
www.ndsn.org/AUGUST97/AMMONIA.html
- Cigarette design - additives, low-tar and 'safe' cigarettes - ASH UK Paper on development of "free nicotine" product.
www.ash.org.uk/html/conduct/html/tobexpld5.html
- Cigarettes are Nicotine Delivery Devices - Collection of FDA papers in PDF format, much of which concerns design and manufacture of cigarettes.
www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/fda/toc.html
- Cigarettes Engineered for Addiction - BBC News article on substances added to cigarettes by the industry to increase their addictiveness.
news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_393000/393075.stm
- Cigarettes Laced with Sweeteners 'To Hook Children' - Cigarettes such as Benson & Hedges Mellow Blend, Marlboro and Lucky Strike - are deliberately laced with an assortment of sweets and sugar flavourings, according to confidential company documents.
www.sunday-times.co.uk/news/pages/sti/2000/08/13/stinwenws01001.html
- Cigarettes with Defective Filters Mmarketed for 40 years: What Philip Morris Never Told Smokers - Article in scientific journal article explains what "fall-out" is, what Philip Morris knew about it and when they knew it, and what smokers didn't know.
tc.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/11/suppl_1/i51
- Cigarettes With Defective Filters Sold For 40 Years - Philip Morris knowingly marketed cigarettes with defective filters for 40 years, according to recent research.
unisci.com/stories/20021/0312021.htm
- Cigarettes: a Complex Cocktail of Chemicals - BBC Report. More than 600 substances can be legally added to cigarettes, many of which act to increase the addictive impact of nicotine.
news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/health/background_briefings/smoking/281167.stm
- Designing a Cigarette for the First Time Smoker - Article in scientific journal examines how R. J. Reynolds designed a cigarette to appeal to new customers.
tc.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/11/suppl_1/i32
- Free-basing Nicotine: State of the Art - 1973 R. J. Reynolds discovery of why Philip Morris's Marlboro was selling so well: it was being engineered with ammonia to increase the nicoctine kick.
www.tobacco.org/Documents/dd/ddfreebasingnic.html
- FTC Cigarette Testing - 1997 RFC from the FTC. FTC tar and nicotine numbers are inaccurate, for reasons they outline. The smoker actually inhales substantially more tar and nicotine than the numbers state.
www.health.org/newsroom/rep/35.htm
- Low-Tar Cigarettes: No Benefit to Public Health - Millions of Americans smoke "low-tar," "mild," or "light" cigarettes, believing they're less hazardous. But scientific experts conclude that public health has not been served by changes in cigarette design and manufacturing over the last 50 years; this paper explains.
newscenter.cancer.gov/pressreleases/lowtar.html
- Manipulating Addictiveness of Tobacco - Once secret industry memos and other court-released documents address industry manipulation of tobacco's addictive properties.
www.ohd.hr.state.or.us/tobacco/addictn.htm
- Manufacturing Tobacco - Science site explains how the tobacco industry controls nicotine levels and uses ammonia to engineer the product for addiction.
www.lsc.org/tobacco/manufacturing/cigarettes.html
- Memos Show Tobacco Firms Were Obsessed With Nicotine - New York Times article reports on confidential internal memos of Philip Morris, Lorillard, and RJ Reynolds.
taxa.psyc.missouri.edu/abnormal/1998/msg00225.html
- Minnesota vs. Tobacco February 4, 1998 - Trial transcript of testimony from expert witness Dr. Channing Robertson covers R&D and engineering of the cigarette product.
www.tobacco.org/Documents/980204minnesota.html
- Nicotine and Addiction: the Brown and Williamson Documents - Once-secret memos show the tobacco industry had a sophisticated and scientifically accurate understanding of nicotine pharmacology, including an explicit recognition of nicotine's addictiveness, more than 30 years ago.
www.ama-assn.org/sci-pubs/journals/archive/jama/vol_274/no_3/sc5043.htm
- OncoLink: The Control and Manipulation of Nicotine and Cigarettes - 1994 news article. Kessler report on how the tobacco industry controls and manipulates nicotine in its product.
www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/fda/images/9020-8.pdf
- Philip Morris Australia Additives - Additives listed by brand for cigarettes made by Philip Morris, Imperial, and BAT in Australia.
www.health.gov.au/pubhlth/strateg/drugs/tobacco/ingredients.htm
- Philip Morris Employee Says Company Thwarted Attempts to Make Safer Cigarettes - CourtTV and AP reporting on testimony of former Philip Morris employee on the tobacco company's practice of ending research on safer cigarettes.
www.courttv.com/trials/tobacco/national/112598_engle.html
- Philip Morris Memo Likens Nicotine to Cocaine - Prizewinning reporting reveals facts about cigarette design and nicotine.
www.pulitzer.org/year/1996/national-reporting/works/morris.html
- Safer cigarettes? That's just blowing smoke - AMA debunks the "reduced risk" cigarette.
www.ama-assn.org/sci-pubs/amnews/amn_01/edsa1126.htm
- ScienceDaily Magazine -- Tobacco Smoke Flavoring Contains Hazardous Chemicals - Scientists have new data that toxic flavoring chemicals put in cigarettes are reaching smokers through cigarette smoke and may pose health hazards of their own.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/05/000509003850.htm
- Secrets of Big Tobacco - News article follows the trial of industry memos that discuss how and why to manipulate cigarette chemistry.
www.thehollandsentinel.net/stories/092098/new_tobacco.html
- Smoking Kills: The Tobacco White Paper - Speech by Cliff Douglas to the Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation, detailing the different ways cigarette product is engineered for addiction.
www.roycastle.org/charity/Cliff%20Douglas%20Speech%2030.6.99.htm
- Spiking Tobacco: How to Keep Smokers Hooked - SMOKING CESSATION - 7/19/99 - Documentation on how Tobacco Companies manipulate tobacco to keep smokers hooked - From the About.com Guide
quitsmoking.about.com/health/quitsmoking/library/weekly/aa071999.htm?iam=dp&terms=tobacco+disease
- Statement on Nicotine-Containing Cigarettes by David A. Kessler, M.D. - Provides information on industry manipulation and control of nicotine in cigarettes.
www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/SPEECH/SPE00052.htm
- The Safer Cigarette: What the Tobacco Industry Could Do..and Why It Hasn't Done it - ASH-UK paper; a survey of 25 years of patents for innovations to reduce toxic and carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco smoke.
www.ash.org.uk/?patent
- Timeline: Chemical Manipulation of Tobacco Products - Industry documents over time reveal the history of product engineering for addiction.
www.tobaccodocuments.org/index.cfm?menuitem=timelines&id=31
- Tobacco ingredients, additives, and radioactivity - Chapter in the Tobacco Reference Guide.
www.globalink.org/tobacco/trg/Chapter19/Chap19_Ingredients_Additives.html
- Tobacco Products - Testing methods and toxic constituents of tobacco products.
www.ncth.ca/NCTHweb.nsf/16a7a46a13d27dd4852569ac007ec6f9/9a00d0f98a1f6441852569d600647151?OpenDocument
- Tobacco's Seven Deadly Secrets of Nicotine Delivery - Article from onocology newsletter summarizes methods of engineering cigarettes for addiction.
www.cancernetwork.com/journals/oncnews/n9710k.htm
- What's in Tobacco - Reports on additives and ingredients, and the chemical onstituents in tobacco smoke.
www.hlth.gov.bc.ca/ttdr/index.html
- Why and How a Cigarette Maker Created a More Addictive Tobacco - Article on tobacco industry research into nicotine and addiction, and R&D efforts to engineer more addictive product.
reporternews.com/biz/tobacco0913.html
- Why Low Tar Cigarettes Don't Work and How the Tobacco Industry Has Fooled the Smoking Public - Smokers could be forgiven for believing that low tar cigarettes deliver less tar to the smoker's lung. However, the actual tar exposure, and hence health risk, from smoking low tar brands may be the almost the same as for conventional cigarettes. ASH-UK report.
www.ash.org.uk/?bigone
- Documents Track Covert Nicotine Engineering - The Nando Times article covers the once-secret internal memos from BAT and Brown and Williamson on research and development of nicotine delivery in cigarettes.
www.nando.net/newsroom/ntn/health/091398/health2_2148_noframes.html
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