- ACSH: Tobacco - The American Council on Science and Health has been a leader in restoring scienctific fact and context to health issues, both in exposing overstated and understated risks. This page covers tobacco, including what the warning label doesn't tell you.
www.acsh.org/tobacco/index.html
- Active and Passive Tobacco Exposure: A Serious Pediatric Health Problem - Report from the American Heart Association. Effects of firsthand and secondhand smoke on young people: hearts, lungs, low birth weight, infant mortality, respiratory infections.
www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1213
- AHC News Alert - Collection of health stories, including extensive coverage of tobacco.
www.ahc.umn.edu/NewsAlert/Aug98/aug98newsalert.html
- American Cancer Society-Cancer Facts and Figures 1998: Tobacco Use - Facts from the ACS; e.g. most tobacco deaths are not cancer deaths; more women have died from lung cancer than breast cancer since 1987; tobacco causes one of every five deaths in America; tobacco costs the U.S. more than $100 billion a year.
www.cancer.org/statistics/cff98/tobacco.html
- American Heart Association: Cigarette Smoking And Cardiovascular Diseases - Cigarettes are the most important preventable cause of premature death in the United State. Most of those deaths are from heart disease, not cancer. The facts from the AHA.
www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4545
- Asbestos and Cigarettes - Asbestos and cigarettes both cause lung cancer, but some types of lung cancer are specific to one cause. A short summary of the facts. Site is run by attorneys who represent people who have cancer from asbestos exposure.
www.asbestosrights.com/cigarettes.htm
- BBC News: Grim toll of smoking - More than 122,000 British smokers will die prematurely in the year 2000 from a smoking-related disease; article explains.
news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_536000/536633.stm
- Cardiology: Smoking - Factsheets from Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center.
www.knoxnews.com/health/cardiology/smoking/index.shtml
- Cigarette Anyone? - Firsthand accounts of what it is like to live with the diseases caused by cigarettes.
www.emphysema.net/my.html
- Cigarettes Cause Heart Disease in Young People - Resent research finds that teen-agers and young adults who smoke have three times the level of plaque in a major artery as those who don't smoke.
www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/EMIHC000/22017/24546/314373.html?d=dmtICNNews
- Cigarettes cause Invasive Pneumococcal Disease - Cigarettes are the leading cause of an infection that can cause severe pneumonia or meningitis: pneumococcal infections.
my.webmd.com/content/article/1728.55546
- Does Tobacco Use Cause Other (non-malignant) Disease? - Tobacco use actually claims more lives via tobacco-caused diseases other than cancer.
smokinglungs.com/otherdis.htm
- Easy Rider Ain't So Easy: A Living With COPD Story - I am a 50 year old man, diagnosed with COPD -- severe emphysema, chronic bronchitis and a moderate asthmatic component. I started smoking when I was about 14 years old..."
www.papapoo.com/copd-pat.html
- Ex-Smokers May Have Irreversible Damage To Arteries - New research from one of the most comprehensive studies indicates that while most risks subside after quitting, some damage is not reversible.
www.pslgroup.com/dg/50c52.htm
- Face the Faces - The human toll of tobacco, from INFACT. Started in response to a tobacco executive's statement that the people who die each year from tobacco are just a "computer-generated number." This site shows some of the people who are dead or dying of diseases caused by tobacco. Pictures are accompanied by text written by friends and family.
www.infact.org/about.html
- Facts About Nicotine and Tobacco Products - From NIH, brief presentation of effects of nicotine and tobacco products.
www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol13N3/tearoff.html
- Fetal Nicotine or Cocaine Exposure: Which one is Worse? - Although public and medical attention focuses on fetal cocaine exposure, the epidemiological evidence suggests fetal nicotine exposure does more damage.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9618392&dopt=Abstract
- Fire Injuries, Disasters, and Costs from Cigarettes and Cigarette Lights fires - Scientific paper estimates the injuries, deaths, and costs from smoking-attributable files.
epm-leistikow.ucdavis.edu/SMOKINGFIRES.HTM
- Health Consequences of Smoking - Overview; graphic analysis; illustrations; breakdown and concise summary by disease; bibliography.
sprojects.mmip.mcgill.ca/smoking/smokedf/health_consequences_smoking.html
- Health Effects - Quick, sometimes graphic, documentation on impotence, blindness, breast cancer, the irreversible effects of smoking, lung cancer, and injuries.
www.health.usyd.edu.au/tobacco/subject.html#EFFECTS
- Health Effects of Smoking - Bibliography of research.
www.umdnj.edu/rspthweb/bibs/smoking.htm
- Health Effects of Smoking - A graphic gallery documents some well known and some lesser known effects of cigarettes.
www.health.usyd.edu.au/tobacco/gallery_health_effects.html
- Health Effects On the Unborn Baby - Concise summary of effects of firsthand and secondhand exposure to tobacco products on the unborn.
www.ai.org/isdh/programs/tobacco/unborn.htm
- Hooked on Nicotine - Short article for mylifepath on nicotine, addiction, and health effects of tobacco.
www.mylifepath.com/article/iac/100033136
- HOT Program - Hazards of Tobacco (HOT) video; requires RealPayer. Features speakers who've undergone surgical removal of their larynxes, who demonstrate one of tobacco's effects.
www.karmanos.org/we/infoed/hot
- How Smoking Affects The Way You Look - ASH-UK factsheet covers how smoking affects the skin, body shape, and weight.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact10.html
- How to prevent heart disease - Concise factsheet explaining how to prevent heart disease, available for downloading in Adobe acrobat format.
hcd2.bupa.co.uk/fact_sheets/Mosby_factsheets/disease_prevention.html
- Infofax - Cigarettes and Other Nicotine Products - NIH short summary of nicotine effects.
www.nida.nih.gov/Infofax/tobacco.html
- Just the Facts - Very short factsheet on health effects of cigarettes and other tobacco products.
www.ai.org/isdh/programs/tobacco/adults.htm
- Katlyn's Page - "I am 11 years old and my mother has emphysema from smoking. Please listen to me - what it's like to have a sick Mom". A story about tobacco victims who don't smoke.
www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/6578/kidsbutthead_.htm
- Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking - Thoracic surgeon Fred Grannis MD provides smokers, lung cancer patients and their families with information on cigarettes, smoking, cessation, and lung cancer risk, diagnosis, and treatment. Webpage design by one of his patients.
www.smokinglungs.com
- Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Web Page - "Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States. More than 160,100 Americans will die from lung cancer in 1998. Only 12-15% of patients with lung cancer are cured. More than 90% of lung cancers are preventable...My background is that of an ex-smoker and current thoracic surgeon, who has spent most of his adult life treating disease caused by tobacco. Finally after twenty years or so of this, I came finally to the realization that I was working on an assembly line that would continue to roll on forever. The only real way to treat these diseases is to shut off the assembly line where it begins, in North Carolina."
ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/LungCancer
- Lung Cancer for Patients - "In 1990 91,091 men and 50,194 women died of lung cancer. This is extremely sad as most of these deaths were preventable. The cause of most lung cancer is known and is avoidable". If you had a friend who was a pathologist and asked him for a bottom-line summary on the disease, its causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, this is what you'd get.
www.erinet.com/fnadoc/lung.htm
- Man Learned Firsthand One Effect of Smoking - Tobacco products (both cigaretets and spit tobacco) cause Buergers disease, which "plugs up your arteries and veins"; this is the story of a 21 year old who lost his left leg from it.
www.zwire.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=4321859&BRD=258&PAG=461&dept_id=438987&rfi=6
- Meds.com: Lung Cancer Library - Both physician and patient versions of information sheets on smoking, secondhand smoke, lung cancer, metastases, clinical trials, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and short topics. The facts.
www.meds.com/lung/lunginfo.html
- Mortality Attributable to Tobacco Use in Canada, 1994 and 1996 - Using data from the National Population Health Survey and the Canadian Mortality Database, estimates national and regional smoking-attributable deaths for 1994 and 1996.
www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hpb/lcdc/publicat/cdic/cdic203/cd203b_e.html
- Most Cancer Is Made, Not Born - Recent research shows that most cancer is caused by environmental exposure to carcinogens, not from preprogrammed genes; smoking is the single-most important avoidable cause of cancer and is directly responsible for 30 percent of all cases.
www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2000/08/10/ED9161.DTL
- NCI: What You Need To Know About Lung Cancer - Pamphlet format. Covers the disease, who's at risk, recognizing symptoms, diagnosing lung cancer, the stages of the disease, treatment, side effects.
cancernet.nci.nih.gov/wyntk_pubs/lung.htm
- Nicotine Addiction - Concise factsheet.
www1.umn.edu/perio/tobacco/nicaddct.html
- Nicotine Addiction Can Start Within A Few Days And After Just A Few Cigarettes - Recent research shows that cigarette products cause addiction much faster than was previously believed, in just a few doses.
www.cfah.org/hbns/newsrelease/nicotine9-12-00.cfm
- OncoLink: Smoking and Cancer - Links compiled by OncoLink.
www.oncolink.com/templates/resources/section.cfm?c=1&s=25
- Oral Cancer: The Tobacco Connection - Covers the problem, death and disease, demographics, types of tobacco, nicotine and addiction, quitting tobacco, tobacco industry conduct, tobacco advertising, and tobacco economics.
www.oralcancerfoundation.org/tobacco_menu.htm
- Other Health Problems - From cataracts to diabetes, from osteoporosis to skin disorders, the other health effects of tobacco products.
www.globalink.org/tobacco/trg/Chapter11/table_of_contents_chap11.html
- Paternal Smoking and Cancer among Children of Nonsmoking Mothers - Scientific paper finds paternal smoking before conception increases risk of the children getting cancer, particularly acute leukemia and lymphoma.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=9017004&dopt=Abstract
- Premature Skin Wrinkling And Cigarette Smoking - Recent research on how tobacco products cause face wrinkles in young people.
www.docguide.com/news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256B8400646C83
- Preventing Heart Disease - Smoking - Short section on smoking and the hart.
www.fauxpress.com/kimball/med/heart/h3/smoking.htm
- Quality of Life and Smoking - Most smoking studies address specific health, morbidity, and mortality outcomes. Few studies have examined the effect of smoking and smoking cessation on quality of life. This collects a few such studies.
www.atsqol.org/smoking.asp
- Quitting Really Does Lower Lung Cancer risk - November 30, 2000 - CDC measures reduced lung cancer as a result of California's reduced smoking.
www.cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/cancer/11/30/lung.cancer/index.html
- Risks of Dying From Smoking - Slide presentation outlines individual risks, social trends.
www1.worldbank.org/tobacco/Presentations/Presentation1/slide1.htm
- Scots Tobacco Death Toll Studied - Scotland's title as Europe's lung cancer capital has come under the spotlight at a major anti-smoking conference.
news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_379000/379366.stm
- Smokers can and do die young! - Shows effects of smoking through photographs and stories of smokers, including those who died or are dying in their 30's. Images of diseased lungs; links to lung cancer and quit smoking support groups.
www.whyquit.com
- Smokers Get Ill Sooner, Study Says - Statistics Canada analysis shows that cigarettes and tobacco products not only kill the customer, they also cause debilitating illnesses along the way, such as bronchitis, asthma and high blood pressure.
no-smoking.org/june01/06-25-01-4.html
- Smoking - Short description by a doctor of the effects of smoking on health and quality of life.
www.freenet.scri.fsu.edu/HealthGazette/smoke.html
- Smoking and Impotence - Brief article on causes of impotence.
www.coolware.com/health/medical_reporter/impotence.html
- Smoking and Breast Cancer - Recent research shows an association between smoking and breast cancer.
bmj.com/cgi/content/full/325/7359/298/d
- Smoking and Cancer - ASH-UK factsheet covers the difference cancers caused by smoking and tobacco.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact04.html
- Smoking and Cancer - On smoking, head and neck cancer; what it's like living as a laryngectomee because of cigarettes.
www.skyboom.com/survivor100
- Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease - Concise summary of effects of smoking on the heart, blood vessels, and brain.
www.cancersa.org.au/i-cms?page=185
- Smoking and Diabetes - It's a bad combination, basically. The facts from the American Diabetes Association.
www.diabetes.org/main/health/body_care/smoking/smoking.jsp
- Smoking and Disease, Ash-UK basic facts #2 - Factsheet uses UK numbers to demonstrate health effects of smoking.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/basic02.html
- Smoking and Health Database - CDC collection of documents including reports, health effects.
www.cdc.gov/tobacco/search/index.htm
- Smoking and injuries - Research shows that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for exercise-related injuries.
www-east.elsevier.com/ajpm/ajpm183S/ajpm0399fla.htm
- Smoking and Injuries: An Overview - Research concludes that smoking may be an independent risk factor for thermal, motor vehicle, occupational, and other injuries.
www.idealibrary.com/links/artid/pmed.1994.1070
- Smoking and Lung Cancer - From a slide presentation in a medical school course on respiratory health.
medocs.ucdavis.edu/imd/420c/pptslides/lungCA/sld007.htm
- Smoking and Quality of Life - Research summarizes health-related quality of life of never smokers, ex-smokers, and light, moderate, and heavy smokers.
www.idealibrary.com/links/artid/pmed.1999.0523
- Smoking and Respiratory Disease - ASH-UK Factsheet on smoking and lung cancer, COPD, pneumonia.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact05.html
- Smoking and Respiratory Disease - Information from the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Australia. Factsheet, diagrams, and basic information.
www.cancersa.org.au/i-cms?page=1.6.36.368.745
- Smoking can Lead to Blindness - Brief report on evidence of a link between smoking and age-related macular degeneration.
www.tobacco.neu.edu/tcu/3-97/BLINDNESS.html
- Smoking Caused Disability - Smoking not only shortens life, it increases number of years of disability. This research analysis estimates how much increased disability is caused by smoking.
jech.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/54/8/566
- Smoking Damage - From the Australian National Tobacco Campaign, a concise outline of the different ways that cigarettes damage the body.
www.quitnow.info.au/damage/damage.html
- Smoking Deaths Not Overstated, Re-Analysis Shows - Refuting claims by the tobacco industry that death estimates from smoking are inflated, the American Medical Association re-analyzes the data.
jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v284n6/abs/joc00088.html
- Smoking Does Not Protect Against Dementia or Alzheimer's Disease - Contrary to suggestions from previous research, this study of over 34,000 subjects found no effect of smoking on senility or Alzheimer's. The previous suggestions that it did came from flawed studies, say the authors.
www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2000-04/BMJ-Sdnp-2004100.php
- Smoking Increase Risk of Alzheimer's Disease - Recent research finds that tobacco products increase Alzheimer's disease on some populations, but have no effect on other populations.
www.docguide.com/news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256C010043BDDC?OpenDocument&c=Smoking%20Related%20Disorders&count=10&id=48dde4a73e09a969852568880078c249
- Smoking Increases Anxiety - Smoking is supposed to calm the nerves, but researchers have found evidence that it might have the opposite effect. BBS News article on recent research.
news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_1010000/1010221.stm
- Smoking Increases Skin Cancer Risk - Tobacco products triple the risk of developing a common form of skin cancer, according to a new study.
www.telegraph.co.uk:80/et?ac=000820928759152&rtmo=VDJSM8fK&atmo=99999999&pg=/et/01/1/4/ecnsmok04.html
- Smoking May Be a Cause of Some Psychiatric Disorders - New studies suggest that cigarettes are a cause of some psychiatric disorders, including common conditions such as depression and anxiety.
www.knoxnews.com/kns/health_and_fitness/article/0,1406,KNS_310_1210969,00.html
- Smoking May Lead to Anxiety Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults - Recent research shows that tobacco products may cause anxiety, panic attacks and fear of leaving home.
www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol16N1/Smoking.html
- Smoking of tobacco - Discussion, graphics, and analysis of tobacco use, disease, and death.
my.webmd.com/printing/dmk/dmk_article_1459455
- Smoking's Deadly Effects - Statistics don't tell the whole story of tobacco disease and death. That's why PBS is running a program on Pam Laffin, a woman who tells her own story of emphysema caused by tobacco products. The story of how she got started smoking, how she discovered she had the disease, and how she lives her live now with one lung, is more compelling sometimes than any amount of statistics.
www.pbs.org/healthweek/featurep3a_320.htm
- Smoking, the Heart, and Circulation - ASH-UK Factsheet on smoking and chronic heart disease, arterial disease, aneurysms, vascular disease, and stroke.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact06.html
- Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost -- US - Cigarette Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost -- United States, 1990. CDC analysis.
www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00021441.htm
- Smoking: The Health Effects - Smokers in their 30s and 40s are five times more likely to have a heart attack than non-smokers. Half of all smoking deaths are in middle age. Article from the BBC news summarizes.
news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/medical_notes/newsid_473000/473673.stm
- South Carolina Department of Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Services: Tobacco Use - "Tobacco use is the nation's deadliest addiction. Smoking cigarettes is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. Over 400,000 Americans die every year from tobacco use. More people die from tobacco than from AIDS, car accidents, alcohol, suicides, homicides, fires, and illegal drugs combined." Summary of the effects of tobacco use.
www.scprevents.org/web/infosite/readroom/clearing.html
- Specimen 156.9: Lung: Emphysema - From a library of medical images, a lung with emphysema ("smoker's lung").
www.med.unsw.edu.au/pathology/Pathmus/F0839044.htm
- Spinal cord injury: Smoking and SCI - For SCI survivors who smoke there's even more bad news and more ill health effects than general population.
www.spinalinjury.net/html/_smoking_and_sci.html
- Study: Smoking Doubles Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's disease - Largest and most recent study indicates that smokers are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
www.slam.ca/HealthNews/980618_smoking.html
- The Burden of Illness From Tobacco - Summary in the form of a FAQ, with answers to such questions as: how do we know that an agency (such as tobacco) can cause disease? What range of diseases does tobacco cause?
www.health.usyd.edu.au/tob21c/m02_faqs.html
- The Connection Between Smoking and Heart Disease - What cigarettes and other tobacco products do to the heart and arteries; how they cause hypertension, stroke, and heart disease.
www.heartinfo.com/search/display.asp?Id=256&header=T_know.gif&caller=
- The Hurt Never Goes Away - Over 400,000 Americans die each year due to tobacco use. COST has provided a way for the survivors to express themselves, share their pain.
www.costkids.org/tobacco/tobacco/tobaccoframeset.htm
- The Irreversible Health Effects of Cigarettes - Pamphlet from ACSH. Quitting greatly reduces risks, but some effects of smoking are permanent.
www.acsh.org/publications/booklets/iesmoke.html
- The Power of Addiction - Commentary on tobacco and addiction provides a brief summary of the nicotine's effect on behavior and physiology.
procor.org/procor-commentary-hma/msg00005.html
- The Risk I Took - Brendann Carmichael, a 21 year old student, explains how he lost his leg from Buerger's disease, which is caused by tobacco products.
members.aol.com/bcarmikel/main_001.htm
- The Whole Truth About Smoking - New research find that the tobacco industry does a good job in deceiving the public about the full health risks of smoking; a rundown of 6 myths about smoking and the facts.
www.femail.co.uk/pages/standard/article.html?in_article_id=104616&in_page_id=179
- Tobacco and Birth Defects - Factsheet; all sources cited.
www.kickbutt.org/learn/pregnancy.html
- Tobacco and Cardiovascular Health - Commentary on the heart health effects of tobacco use.
www.procor.org/procor-commentary-hma/msg00003.html
- Tobacco and Health - Short medical factsheet on health effects of smoking.
www.srhip.on.ca/hchu1/tobacco/tobaccoeffects.htm
- Tobacco BBS Health Information Page - Annotated collection of links on health effects of firsthand and secondhand smoking, spit tobacco, quitting.
www.tobacco.org/Health/healthinfo.html
- Tobacco Does Not Alleviate Stress But Actually Increase It - Research evidence is the apparent relaxing effect of smoking only reflects the reversal of the tension and irritability that develop during nicotine depletion.
www.apa.org/releases/smokestress.html
- Tobacco May Be a Cause of Mental Illness - Article summarizes increasing evidence from larger research studies that tobacco products cause anxiety, depression, phobias, and alcohol and drug dependence.
www.toledoblade.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?Site=TO&Date=20020520&Category=COLUMNIST29&ArtNo=105190069&Ref=AR
- Tobacco Mortality - Factsheet; all sources cited.
www.globalink.org/tobacco/trg/Chapter3/Chap3MORTALITY.html
- Tobacco Use: United States, 1900-1999 - From the Cancer Network, a survey of smoking trends and their effects during the 20th century.
www.cancernetwork.com/journals/oncology/o9912d.htm
- Tobacco, Colorectal Cancer, and Adenomas the evidence. - Another cancer now known to be caused by smoking.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=8944002&dopt=Abstract
- Tobacco, Nicotine and Fetal Brain Damage: The Smoking Gun in ADHD and SIDS - What tobacco products do to the developing brain; exposures include prenatal, maternal, secondhand smoke, and adolescent smoking.
medschool.umaryland.edu/womenshealth/whrg/slotkinppt
- WebMD/Lycos Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis - Causes, diagnosis, and treatment.
webmd.lycos.com/content/dmk/dmk_article_40023
- Where There's Smoking, There's Fire - One-third of all fatal household fires in Massechusetts began with a cigarette according this MASSPIRG report. Features map of 1500 cigarette-related fires and assesses the cost.
masspirg.org/MA.asp?id2=4241&id3=MA
- WHO: The Tobacco Epidemic - The World Health Organization (WHO) summarizes the situation worldwide: "each year, tobacco causes about 3.5 million deaths throughout the world; this will increase to 10 million annual deaths during the 2020s, with seven million of these deaths occurring in developing countries. Half of these unnecessary deaths are occurring in middle age (35-69), robbing those killed of around 22 years of life."
www.who.ch/inf/pr/1997/pr97-61.html
- WhyQuit.Com - Graphic motivational material shows effects of tobacco on the human body; text explains how smokers can and do die young.
whyquit.com/whyquit
- World Health Organization: A Global Status Report - Broken down by country. Thorough, yet succinct. 1997 data.
www.cdc.gov/tobacco/who/whofirst.htm
- World Tobacco Victims Memorial - A memorial devoted to victims of tobacco products.
www.tobaccovictims.org
- Worldwide Trends in Tobacco Consumption and Mortality - WHO report outlines effects of tobacco globally, identifies trends.
www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/tobacco/who-tobacco.htm
- Zep's Why Quit Smoking site - Personal stories of people who died from cigarette smoking.
members.lycos.co.uk/Zep_
- Health Effects of Active Smoking - Complete book chapter on health effects of cigarettes.
quit.org.au/quit/FandI/fandi/c03.htm
- Smoking Statistics: Illness and Death - Concise factsheet from ASH-UK boils it all down: what cigarettes do to the customer.
www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact02.html
|
